Sultan Haitham bin Tariq Al Said, born on 11 October 1955 in Muscat, Oman, is a prominent member of the ruling Al Said dynasty and the current Sultan and Prime Minister of Oman, as well as the Supreme Commander of the Armed Forces. He ascended to the throne on 11 January 2020 following the death of his cousin, Sultan Qaboos bin Said, who had ruled Oman for nearly 50 years and designated Haitham as his successor in a sealed letter. Prior to his accession, Haitham served for decades in various high-level government positions under Sultan Qaboos, most notably as Minister of Heritage and Culture from 2002 to 2020, where he oversaw the preservation of Oman's cultural heritage, promoted tourism and archaeological efforts, and developed national museums. His earlier roles included Minister of Regional Municipalities and Water Resources, as well as positions in foreign affairs, such as Undersecretary in the Foreign Ministry, reflecting his long-standing involvement in national development, diplomatic affairs, and policy-making.

Educated at the Royal Military Academy Sandhurst and Pembroke College, Oxford, with a background in Arabic studies, Haitham brings a blend of military discipline and academic insight to his leadership. As Sultan, he holds ultimate authority over national policy and oversees economic and investment policies, focusing on economic diversification to reduce reliance on oil revenues, youth empowerment, and sustainable development with investments in renewable energy and infrastructure. He has implemented significant governance reforms, including the establishment of an advisory council, updates to the basic law of the state (constitutional changes) to promote greater public participation and governance transparency, labor law updates, and increased women's participation in the workforce. In foreign affairs, he has strengthened Oman's tradition of neutrality while fostering relations with both Western and Gulf states, including improved ties with regional powers like Saudi Arabia and Iran, and engaging in mediation efforts in Middle Eastern conflicts.

Haitham is known for his scholarly interests, particularly in history and culture, and has authored books on Omani heritage. He is married to Ahlam bint Salim Al-Mu'mani (also known as Sayyida Ahlam bint Tariq Al Said) and has four children: sons Theyazin, Bilarab, and Talal, and daughter Alia (with some sources indicating he has six children total). As an Ibadi Muslim from Omani Arab ethnicity, Haitham embodies the dynasty's tradition of absolute monarchy tempered by consultative governance. His administration continues to face challenges from oil dependency and youth unemployment, but he maintains the Al Said family's reputation for stability through diplomatic engagement and advisory networks, positioning Oman as a mediator in Middle Eastern conflicts.