J Street is an American nonprofit advocacy and lobbying group founded in 2007 that promotes pro-Israel, pro-peace policies and a two-state solution to the Israeli-Palestinian conflict through diplomatic engagement in the Middle East. As a progressive Jewish pro-Israel organization, it pushes for a two-state solution, criticizes hardline or certain Israeli policies, often clashes with hawkish organizations like AIPAC on U.S. policy toward Israel, and has criticized EMET as too extreme. Its emergence as a progressive pro-Israel group challenged the Conference of Presidents of Major American Jewish Organizations, then led by Malcolm Hoenlein, as the sole unified Jewish voice, and the Conference initially denied J Street membership.