The Ministry of Finance (MoF) of Israel is the central government body responsible for formulating and implementing the country's fiscal policy, preparing the national budget, managing public debt, regulating capital markets, overseeing taxation and customs, and handling issues related to pensions, insurance, and government procurement. Established with the founding of the State of Israel, it plays a pivotal role in economic planning, financial stability, and coordination with international financial institutions. The ministry advises the government on economic matters and has historically been involved in key reforms such as privatization efforts in the 1980s and 1990s, and more recently, in managing economic responses to crises like the COVID-19 pandemic.