The Iranian Cyber Army is a state-sponsored hacking group that has conducted website defacements and DNS hijacking attacks since 2009, targeting Western and Israeli technology firms, financial institutions, government sites, and media outlets. Analysts widely link the group to pro-regime Iranian actors, with strong ties suggested to the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC), though direct control by the IRGC remains unproven and speculative. The group's operations are seen as extensions of state-sponsored cyber warfare, reflecting Iran's geopolitical tensions with adversaries, and are documented in cybersecurity reports as part of asymmetric digital conflicts. Despite its notoriety, the group operates with anonymity, making attribution challenging, and while evidence points to Iranian state involvement, no definitive proof of official sponsorship has been publicly confirmed, leading to ongoing debates in intelligence and cybersecurity communities.