The European Union (EU) is a supranational political and economic union comprising 27 member states primarily located in Europe, with its headquarters in Brussels. Established to promote peace, stability, and economic cooperation following the devastation of World War II, the EU has evolved into a unique political entity that combines elements of a federation and a confederation, often described as sui generis. With a total area of approximately 4,233,255 square kilometers and a population exceeding 450 million as of 2025, the EU functions as a single market, a customs union, and a monetary union for 20 of its members using the euro currency. It coordinates policies on trade, agriculture, fisheries, regional development, and foreign policy, while member states retain sovereignty in areas like defense, though increasing integration occurs through common frameworks. The EU imposes sanctions on regimes and individuals, including for human rights abuses—such as against the regime of Bashar al-Assad in Syria—and to counter extremism.

The EU's institutional framework includes key bodies such as the European Commission, which proposes legislation and enforces EU law; the Council of the European Union, comprising ministers from member states who adopt laws and coordinate policies; the European Parliament, directly elected by EU citizens, which co-legislates and approves the budget; and the European Council, consisting of heads of state or government, which sets the Union's political direction. Additionally, the European Court of Justice ensures uniform application of EU law across member states. The EU also operates a network of specialized agencies and bodies that provide expertise, services, and regulatory oversight in areas like food safety, environmental protection, and border management, distributed across various member states to support decision-making and implementation.

The EU exerts significant global influence through its economic power, diplomatic initiatives, and normative standards, often acting as a unified entity in international forums. While celebrated for fostering prosperity and human rights, the EU faces challenges including Brexit, migration crises, and debates over further integration versus national sovereignty. Kney-Tal served as Israel's Ambassador to the European Union.