Barbara Jean Lee (born July 16, 1946, in El Paso, Texas) is an American politician who has served as a Democratic U.S. Representative from California since 1998, known for her progressive stance, anti-war advocacy, and commitment to social justice. Raised in a military family, she moved to California during her youth and became involved in community activism. Lee earned a Bachelor of Arts from Mills College in 1974 and a Master of Social Work from UC Berkeley in 1975. Her early career included social work, community organizing with the Black Panther Party's programs, and serving as a staffer for Congressman Ron Dellums, which shaped her focus on systemic inequalities and international diplomacy.

Lee entered elected office in 1990, serving in the California State Assembly (1990–1996) and State Senate (1996–1998). She was elected to the U.S. House of Representatives in a 1998 special election to succeed Ron Dellums, representing California's 12th congressional district (later redistricted) until 2025. In Congress, she was a prominent voice against military interventions, notably casting the sole vote against the Iraq Liberation Act of 1998 and the Authorization for Use of Military Force after 9/11. She championed healthcare access, criminal justice reform, and foreign aid to Africa.

In 2025, Lee transitioned to local leadership as the 52nd mayor of Oakland, California, where she addresses urban challenges like housing affordability and public safety. Her career reflects consistent anti-war ideology, dedication to marginalized communities, and influence on progressive activists and policymakers, with alliances across government and nonprofit sectors emphasizing collaborative approaches to policy.