The Iraq Liberation Act of 1998 is a United States federal law (Public Law 105-338) passed in October 1998 that made regime change in Iraq official U.S. policy, establishing U.S. support for efforts to remove Saddam Hussein's regime from power in Iraq and promote the emergence of a democratic government. Introduced as H.R. 4655 by Representative Benjamin Gilman on September 29, 1998, it passed the House 360-38 on October 5, 1998, and the Senate unanimously on October 7, 1998, before being signed into law by President Bill Clinton on October 31, 1998. The Act authorized support for Iraqi opposition groups and democratic movements against Saddam Hussein, providing a legal framework for assistance, including potential military aid, without authorizing direct U.S. military intervention at the time. Motivated by concerns over Saddam Hussein's non-compliance with UN resolutions, weapons of mass destruction programs, and threats to regional stability, it emphasized working with Iraqi democratic opposition to promote a transition to democracy and support for protecting Iraq's Kurdish and Shi'a populations. The legislation later served as a foundational reference for the George W. Bush administration's policies toward Iraq, including the Iraq Resolution of 2002 and the 2003 invasion, underscoring a bipartisan consensus on regime change as a U.S. objective.