Al Jazeera is a prominent Qatar-based international news network and media conglomerate headquartered in Doha, renowned for its multi-language coverage—including Arabic and English—of global events, with a particular focus on Middle East politics, conflicts, social issues, and U.S. foreign policy. Founded in 1996 by Sheikh Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani, the then-Emir of Qatar, the network was initially guaranteed five years of government financial backing and quickly grew to become the largest news broadcaster in the Middle East and North Africa region. Operated by the Al Jazeera Media Network, it encompasses channels like Al Jazeera Arabic and Al Jazeera English, providing in-depth reporting that has earned international recognition and awards for its uncompromising journalism. Primarily funded by the Qatari government, Al Jazeera has maintained claims of editorial independence, though it has faced criticisms and pressures, including being in the crossfire during conflicts and paying a heavy price for its reporting. In 2011, Al Jazeera underwent a significant legal and organizational restructuring, transitioning from a public institution to a 'private institution of public utility' under Qatari law issued by Emir Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani, aiming to formalize its structure while preserving its role as Qatar's most visible media export. The network has been instrumental in providing alternative narratives, such as during the 2003 Iraq War, offering real-time perspectives from an Arab viewpoint that contrasted with Western media coverage. Over its history, Al Jazeera has navigated challenges including bans in several Arab countries, accusations of bias aligned with Qatari foreign policy, and legal battles, yet it continues to influence global discourse on issues like the Arab Spring and regional geopolitics. Its operations extend worldwide, with bureaus in major cities, and it has been both praised for amplifying underrepresented voices and condemned by critics for alleged propaganda elements favoring Qatar's interests. Its journalists have faced arrests, attacks, and censorship in various countries, underscoring the risks of its mission to deliver truthful reporting amid geopolitical tensions.