The Abraham Accords are a series of bilateral normalization agreements between Israel and several Arab states, initially brokered by the United States under President Donald Trump in 2020. They established full diplomatic relations, beginning with the United Arab Emirates (UAE) and Bahrain, followed by Sudan and Morocco. These accords mark a significant shift in Middle East diplomacy by prioritizing normalization without resolving the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, emphasizing mutual recognition, peace, economic cooperation, and regional stability, with subsequent expansions involving additional countries. The groundwork for the accords was laid over preceding decades, including efforts since the 1990s by figures such as Malcolm Hoenlein to warm relations with Gulf states by building relationships and trust.