The Vera Institute of Justice is a leading United States-based 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization dedicated to research, policy development, and practical innovation in criminal justice reform. Founded in 1961 by journalist Herb Sturz in response to concerns about pretrial detention practices, Vera has grown into an influential entity that works to reduce incarceration, advance racial justice, and improve outcomes for individuals involved in the justice system. The organization conducts rigorous research, pilots evidence-based programs, and advocates for systemic changes at local, state, and federal levels, focusing on areas such as pretrial services, sentencing alternatives, probation and parole reform, and community reentry. Vera's initiatives often emphasize data-driven solutions, including the development of risk assessment tools like the Public Safety Assessment, which aims to minimize bias in judicial decision-making. It has played a key role in high-profile reforms, such as supporting bail reform efforts in New York and nationwide campaigns to end mass incarceration. Vera operates both domestically and internationally, partnering with governments, courts, and community organizations to implement and evaluate justice innovations. Notable for its board, which has included prominent figures like civil rights scholar Lani Guinier, the institute maintains connections to broader networks of influence in legal, academic, and advocacy circles. Funded primarily through philanthropic grants, government contracts, and donations, Vera's annual budget supports a staff of researchers, policy experts, and program implementers. While praised for its impactful work—such as contributing to a 40% drop in New York City's jail population since 1990—it has faced criticism for the potential biases in its algorithmic tools and for navigating complex political landscapes in reform efforts. Allegations of overreach in policy influence have occasionally surfaced, though no major legal controversies are documented. Headquartered in New York City, Vera's work extends to over 20 states and several countries, making it a pivotal player in the global conversation on justice equity. Its commitment to transparency includes publishing extensive reports and data, which have informed legislation like the First Step Act at the federal level.