Tufts University is a private research university located primarily in Medford and Somerville, Massachusetts, United States, with additional campuses in Boston, Grafton, and an international campus in Talloires, France. Founded in 1852 as Tufts College by Christian universalists seeking to establish a nonsectarian institution of higher learning, it initially operated as a small liberal arts college. For much of the 20th century, it included Jackson College for Women as a coordinate institution. The university expanded significantly in the 1970s, transitioning into a comprehensive research university that now offers doctoral programs across various disciplines and is organized into ten schools, including the School of Arts and Sciences, School of Engineering, Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy, and Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine. Tufts is renowned for its strong programs in international relations, political science, and public service, fostering a commitment to active citizenship and global engagement. The university's administration is led by President Sunil Kumar, who assumed office on July 1, 2023, supported by key officers such as the provost, executive vice president, treasurer, and secretary, all appointed by the Board of Trustees. Historically, Tufts has nurtured a vibrant student life, with early organizations like the Glee Club (founded 1866) and various clubs emerging in the late 19th century, alongside economic ventures such as the Tufts Laundry Association in 1872. As a leading academic institution, Tufts has produced numerous influential alumni who have founded successful companies, contributing to its reputation in innovation and entrepreneurship. The university maintains affiliations like the Trustees of Tufts College and connections to entities such as Tufts Medical Center, underscoring its role in education, research, and community impact.