Salman Schocken (born Shlomo Zalman Schocken on October 29, 1877, in Posen, then part of the German Empire, now Poznań, Poland) was a German-Jewish publisher, businessman, and art collector. He co-founded the Kaufhaus Schocken chain of department stores in 1901 with his brother Simon, which grew into one of Germany's largest retail networks, symbolizing Jewish entrepreneurial success in pre-Nazi Germany. Deeply involved in Jewish cultural and Zionist activities, he supported Hebrew literature and education and built an extensive collection of Jewish art and manuscripts. Amid rising antisemitism, he faced severe repercussions from the Nazi regime, was stripped of his German citizenship in 1933, and was compelled to sell his business at a fraction of its value. He immigrated to Mandatory Palestine in 1934, settling in Jerusalem. In 1935, he acquired the newspaper Haaretz, relocating its operations and transforming it into a cornerstone of Israeli journalism known for its independent, liberal voice. He also founded Schocken Publishing House, which promoted modern Hebrew literature and translated works of Jewish thinkers. Schocken continued his influence in Israel's cultural and media landscape until his death on August 6, 1959, in Zurich, Switzerland. His legacy endures through Haaretz, now run by his descendants, and his contributions to Jewish intellectual life.