Renaud Camus (born Jean Renaud Gabriel Camus on August 10, 1946, in Chamalières, France) is a French novelist, essayist, and far-right political theorist. He gained early literary recognition in the 1970s and 1980s for autobiographical and experimental works exploring themes like homosexuality and urban life, such as his novel 'Tricks' (1979). By the 1990s, he shifted toward political writing, developing anti-immigration and nationalist views. He is best known for originating the 'Great Replacement' conspiracy theory in his 2011 book 'Le Grand Remplacement,' which posits a deliberate demographic shift to replace white, Christian populations in Europe with non-European immigrants through mass migration and higher birth rates. This theory has been widely condemned as xenophobic and has influenced far-right movements globally, including being cited in the 2019 Christchurch mosque shooter's manifesto. Camus founded the short-lived Parti de l'In-nocence in 2002 and has faced legal consequences, including a 2014 fine for inciting hatred against Muslims. He resides at the Château de Plieux, which he restored as a cultural center. Critics accuse him of fostering division and extremism, while supporters view him as a defender of French identity.