John Wesley Rice Jr. was Condoleezza Rice's father — a Presbyterian minister, high school guidance counselor in Birmingham, Alabama, and later dean of students at Stillman College, a historically Black college in Tuscaloosa. He raised Condoleezza in the Black middle-class Titusville neighborhood of Birmingham during the civil rights era. He instilled in her the principle of being 'twice as good' to overcome racial barriers. After the death of Condoleezza's mother Angelena in 1985, he married Clara Bailey in 1989. He died in 2000 at age 77, shortly before his daughter's appointment as National Security Advisor.