James Grubbs Martin, born December 11, 1935, in Savannah, Georgia, is an American chemist, academic, and Republican politician. He earned a Bachelor of Science degree from Davidson College in 1957 and a Ph.D. from Princeton University in 1960. From 1960 to 1972, he taught chemistry at Davidson College, where he had previously studied. Martin entered politics in 1973, serving six terms as the U.S. Representative for North Carolina's 9th congressional district until 1985. Following his time in Congress, he was elected as the 70th Governor of North Carolina, holding office from 1985 to 1993. After leaving public office, he served as a corporate vice-president of Carolinas HealthCare System and later worked in the North Carolina government relations practice of McGuireWoods Consulting in Charlotte. He has been involved with conservative organizations, including the board of the James G. Martin Center for Academic Renewal.