Ida Petrovna Milgrom (1908–2002) was the mother of Natan Sharansky, the renowned Soviet dissident and Israeli politician. Born in Balta, Ukraine (then part of the Russian Empire), she was a promising pianist who briefly attended the Moscow Tchaikovsky Conservatory but did not complete her studies. Her life shifted dramatically due to the Soviet suppression of Jewish dissidents; she emerged as a prominent human rights defender and Soviet Jewish activist, spearheading an international campaign to free imprisoned refuseniks, with a particular focus on securing her son's release. Her activism drew global attention during the Cold War, in collaboration with groups like the Coalition for Soviet Jewry. Even after Sharansky's emigration to Israel, Milgrom continued advocating for Soviet Jews denied exit visas. In the early 1990s, she was finally allowed to join her family in Israel, where she stayed actively engaged in her son's career, including his leadership in the Yisrael Ba-Aliya party, the publication of his memoir, and governmental roles such as Minister of Trade and Industry. Milgrom died in 2002 at age 94, leaving a legacy as a tireless champion of freedom, human rights, and the Soviet Jewry movement.