The Australian Government, also known as the Commonwealth Government, is the federal executive branch of Australia responsible for national governance, policy-making, and administration across the country. It operates under the Australian Constitution and consists of the monarch (represented by the Governor-General), the Prime Minister as head of government, and the Cabinet, which collectively exercise executive power. The government manages key areas including foreign affairs, defense, immigration, trade, economic policy, and social services, while coordinating with state and territory governments on matters of shared jurisdiction. Headquartered in Canberra, it employs a vast bureaucracy through departments and agencies that implement laws passed by the Parliament of Australia. Founded on January 1, 1901, following the federation of six British colonies, the Australian Government has evolved from its colonial roots into a modern Westminster-style system with a parliamentary structure, where the Prime Minister typically leads the party or coalition holding a majority in the House of Representatives. It is accountable to Parliament and the electorate through democratic elections held every three years. The government's influence extends through international alliances and economic ties, while navigating historical events, policy challenges, and controversies.