AFDI v. MTA was a federal lawsuit filed by the American Freedom Defense Initiative (AFDI), a New York-based advocacy organization founded by Pamela Geller and Robert Spencer, against the Metropolitan Transportation Authority (MTA). The case challenged the MTA's rejection of AFDI's proposed anti-jihad bus advertisements as unconstitutional viewpoint discrimination under the First Amendment. In 2014, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit ruled in AFDI's favor, affirming that the MTA's ad policy violated the First Amendment and resulting in a victory for AFDI. The organization, known for its staunch opposition to what it describes as the Islamization of America and its provocative advertising campaigns on public transit systems, has been labeled an anti-Muslim hate group by critics including the Southern Poverty Law Center. AFDI's activities extend beyond this lawsuit to include events like the 2015 Muhammad cartoon contest in Garland, Texas, and it continues to litigate against what it views as censorship of anti-Islam views.